Samsung SONOACE R5 Manual do Utilizador descarregar pdf (Página 37)

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Chapter 1 Safety

Biological Safety

For more safety information on probes and biopsy, please refer to Chapter 9 ‘Probes.’

WARNING:

X

Ultrasound waves may have damaging effects on cells and, therefore, may be harmful to the

patient. If there is no medical benefit, minimize the exposure time and maintain the ultrasound

wave output level at low. Please refer to the ALARA principle.

X

Do not use the system if an error message appears on the video display indicating that a

hazardous condition exists. Note the error code, turn off the power to the system, and call your

local Samsung Medison Customer Service Department.

X

Do not use a system that exhibits erratic or inconsistent updating. Discontinuities in the

scanning sequence are indicative of a hardware failure that should be corrected before use.

X

The system limits the maximum contact temperature to 43 degree Celsius, and the ultrasonic

waves output observes American FDA regulations.

ALARA Principle

Guidance for the use of diagnostic ultrasound is dened by the “as low as reasonably achievable” (ALARA)

principle. The decision as to what is reasonable has been left to the judgment and insight of qualied

personnel. No set of rules can be formulated that would be suciently complete to dictate the correct

response for every circumstance. By keeping ultrasound exposure as low as possible, while obtaining

diagnostic images, users can minimize ultrasonic bioeects.

Since the threshold for diagnostic ultrasound bioeects is undetermined, it is the sonographer’s

responsibility to control the total energy transmitted into the patient. The sonographer must reconcile

exposure time with diagnostic image quality. To ensure diagnostic image quality and limit exposure

time, the ultrasound system provides controls that can be manipulated during the exam to optimize the

results of the exam.

The ability of the user to abide by the ALARA principle is important. Advances in diagnostic ultrasound

not only in the technology but also in the applications of the technology, have resulted in the need for

more and better information to guide the user. The output indices are designed to provide that important

information

There are a number of variables, which aect the way in which the output display indices can be used

to implement the ALARA principle. These variables include mass, body size, location of the bone relative

to the focal point, attenuation in the body, and ultrasound exposure time. Exposure time is an especially

useful variable, because the user controls it. The ability to limit the index values over time support the

ALARA principle.

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Samsung SONOACE R5 Manual do Utilizador Página 37