Samsung VP-MS12 Series Manual do Utilizador

Epilepsia, 45(Suppl. 7):1–368, 2004Blackwell Publishing, Inc.CInternational League Against EpilepsyAES ProceedingsAnnual Meeting of the American Epil

10 AES PROCEEDINGS3.020DYSPLASTIC ASTROCYTES IN TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS COR-TICAL LESIONS EXPRESS ABNORMAL GLUTAMATE RE-CEPTOR SUBUNITS1Delia M. Talos,2Pet

100 AES PROCEEDINGS1.256EPILEPSY IN SOUTH AMERICA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEWOF ITS INCIDENCE AND PREVALENCE1Jorge G. Burneo,2Felipe De los Rios, and1Samuel

AES PROCEEDINGS 101Rationale: Patients presenting a first seizure are commonly hos-pitalized in order to achieve a better diagnosis. Moreover, even pa

102 AES PROCEEDINGS1.261TENUOUS PHOTOSENSITIVITY IN IDIOPATHIC GENERAL-IZED EPILEPSYLaura M.F.F. Guilhoto (Setor de Neurofisiologia Clinica da Divisao

AES PROCEEDINGS 103Results: Over 100 children and adults have now had prolongedseizures successfully managed with INM. In an initial survey of par-ent

104 AES PROCEEDINGS1.268SOURCE ANALYSIS OF SIMULTANEOUS EEG-MEGRECORDINGS: INTERICTAL VERSUS ICTAL ACTIVITIES1Michael Scherg,2Michael Funke,3Thomas Ba

AES PROCEEDINGS 105Conclusions: Lorazepam followed by either phenytoin or phenobar-bital are the best initial choice for SE management in adults. Any

106 AES PROCEEDINGS1.274THE COMORBIDITY OF EPILEPSY: A CANADIAN POPULA-TION HEALTH SURVEY1Samuel Wiebe,2Jose F. Tellez-Zenteno, and1Suzan Matijevic(1C

AES PROCEEDINGS 107the thalamus in spike synchronization and propagation, we investigatedpatients with focal epilepsy and compared the BOLD responses

108 AES PROCEEDINGSsignal recorded at 605/630nm since an overall increase in CBV may raiseHbr as well as HbO2. [Supported by NIH (NINDS), Dana Foundat

AES PROCEEDINGS 109gadollinium uptake areas in leptomeninges and cortex. CSF showed nocells and hyperproteinorrachia of 1 gr/dl. The symptoms continue

AES PROCEEDINGS 113.023LONG-LASTING CHANGES IN INTRINSIC PROPERTIES OFSURVIVING MOSSY CELLS AFTER HEAD INJURYAllyson L. Howard, Anna D.H. Ratzliff, an

110 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: It is becoming increasingly recognized that baseline brainstate must be considered when evaluating fMRI results. Antiepi

AES PROCEEDINGS 111remaining correlations could be estimated. Matching was usually easi-est 1.5–2 cm posterior from the temporal pole, where distinct

112 AES PROCEEDINGScortices (right, Z = 4.29, k = 24615, pcorr< 0.004; left, Z = 3.55, k =10470, pcorr< 0.14).Conclusions: Our data is compatibl

AES PROCEEDINGS 113duration and interictal spikes was also decreased (48.6% reduction). Val-proate and oxcarbazepine was successfully discontinued as

114 AES PROCEEDINGSUniversity College, London) was used for VBM analysis. VBM wasperformed with methodology similar to Good et al. (Neuroimage 14,2001

AES PROCEEDINGS 115source-localization of background EEG potentials. We sought to deter-mine the value of VARETA in localizing epileptic foci by apply

116 AES PROCEEDINGSset of time-courses and spatial maps by optimising for non-Gaussianspatial source distributions using a fixed-point iteration techn

AES PROCEEDINGS 117scans to mean intensity, converting the anatomy image to Talairach co-ordinates, calculation and identification of brain voxels mor

118 AES PROCEEDINGSno clinically significant changes in ECGs or laboratory parameters atany of the titration rates.Conclusions: The titration rate of

AES PROCEEDINGS 119phenytoin (PHT) co-therapy; and 3) 25% greater when syrup formulationwas used. Therefore, the final model was CL/F (L/hr) = 0.843 ×

12 AES PROCEEDINGSdischarges observed in both SE and “epileptic” neuronal cultures andin the intact pilocarpine model of acquired epilepsy. The findin

120 AES PROCEEDINGSthrough 14 to those on Day 15 for each treatment. Serum zonisamideconcentrations were also measured over a 24-hour interval on Day

AES PROCEEDINGS 121motor activity are highly sensitive to AMPA receptor blockade and thereare also specific changes in the recruitment curve. These pa

122 AES PROCEEDINGSadverse events. Increases above the decision point doses for gabapentin,2400 mg, and topiramate, 400–450 mg, for patients who have

AES PROCEEDINGS 123three years we have noted a strong co-relation between selenium defi-ciency and valproic acid therapy. We evaluated the long-term e

124 AES PROCEEDINGSMethods: In a single-center, open-label, three-fold crossover trial 24healthy male subjects (age: 31.8 ± 6.5 ys., weight: 74.7 ± 7.

AES PROCEEDINGS 125Rationale: The overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in the cen-tral nervous system may be one mechanism of pharmacoresistance in

126 AES PROCEEDINGSconcentrations during M phase compared to O and 1% reduction duringM phase compared to L phase (Fig. 1).Conclusions: Alterations in

AES PROCEEDINGS 127periods of poor seizure control (1.1 mM, 95%CI 0.8–1.3, n 11) andbetter control (1.1 mM, 95%CI 0.9–1.3, n 16). Homocarnosine conten

128 AES PROCEEDINGStreatment, and to compare the results with the previous semen findingsin the same patients.Methods: Men with epilepsy, 20–40 years

AES PROCEEDINGS 129Methods: Efficacy data from four double-blind, placebo-controlledparallel-group phase-III clinical trials were used. The final data

AES PROCEEDINGS 13Conclusions: KA-induced seizure activity has been reported to causeinduction of MDR2, MRP2, and QOR mRNA in the brain. Our re-sults

130 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: Women with epilepsy have an increased risk for reproduc-tive health disorders. This is, at least in part, due to the use

AES PROCEEDINGS 131Conclusions: Since CtotVPAshow higher inter-individual variabilityand can under-estimate the effect of poor compliance, The use of

132 AES PROCEEDINGSin a wide range of variables. (Supported by Shire Carbatrol is registeredin the United States Patent and Trademark Office.)1.345LIV

AES PROCEEDINGS 133Conclusions: Bromides are commonly associated with acne, lethargyand ataxia. Refractory patients who can tolerate the side effects

134 AES PROCEEDINGSfor anesthetic induction, which has unacceptably low pH and is suppliedin glass containers that are inconvenient outside the clinic

AES PROCEEDINGS 135Methods: This is a retrospective observational study in drug resistantcases with focal and generalised epilepsies. In our outpatien

136 AES PROCEEDINGSand is thought to be responsible for the severe idiosyncratic reactions.It has been reported by Thompson et al. (Chem Res Toxicol,

AES PROCEEDINGS 137Results: Complete seizure control was obtained in 11% of this veryrefractory group. Most achieved reduction in seizure frequency be

138 AES PROCEEDINGSwas generally well tolerated, with paresthesia and headache as the mostcommon adverse events.Conclusions: Generalized and partial-o

AES PROCEEDINGS 139beginning with the first missed dose following steady state, continuingthrough the 1, 2 or 3 days of nonadherence, and ending after

14 AES PROCEEDINGSof the seizures underlie these findings is currently under investigation.(Supported by NIH NS 35439; 28912 EFA.)1.004EXPRESSION OF P

140 AES PROCEEDINGSdifferences between TPM and CBZ and VPA were not statistically sig-nificant. Discontinuation rates due to AEs were TPM 100, 19%; TP

AES PROCEEDINGS 141antiepileptic drugs may also play a role. Unlike other selective trans-porters, Pgp recognizes a wide range of substrates including

142 AES PROCEEDINGSMethods: The effects of ucb 34714 on voltageactivated calcium chan-nels were studied in acutely isolated rat neurons, by whole-cell

AES PROCEEDINGS 143Rationale: A widely prescribed rescue medication for patients withclustering of seizures or for prolonged attacks is rectal diazepa

144 AES PROCEEDINGS1.381INTERACTION BETWEEN LAMOTRIGINE AND APROGESTIN-ONLY CONTRACEPTIVE PILL CONTAIN-ING DESOGESTREL 75µg (CERAZETTE®)1Anneliese M.

AES PROCEEDINGS 145the risk for baclofen withdrawal, which can be deadly. Even minor ill-ness may trigger increased seizures or pain in these sensitiv

146 AES PROCEEDINGSunchanged in LTG-treated patients, decreased by 7% in TPM-treatedpatients, and increased by 6% and 4% in ZNS- and LEV-treated patie

AES PROCEEDINGS 147Results: Rats that were pretreated with RU486 before SE inductionrequired a significantlylowermean cumulative dose of DZ (n = 9; 7

148 AES PROCEEDINGSpatients were female. There was no statistically significant difference inage between the groups (p = 0.98). On the QOLIE-10 survey

AES PROCEEDINGS 149Methods: A self-administered structured survey was distributed topatients attending epilepsy care clinics at two university-affilia

AES PROCEEDINGS 15of electrical stimulation. However, since blockade of KIR results in de-polarization, we also tested whether changes in membrane pot

150 AES PROCEEDINGSmagnitude with increasing frequency. In contrast, the “non-stim” eventsshoweda linear energyincrease, increasing in magnitude with

AES PROCEEDINGS 151Subject 1 Subject 2 Subject 3Surgery Duration (Hrs) 4.3 3.6 2.5Leads 2 R Parietal L Parietal, L Temporal R Parietal∗, Interhemisphe

152 AES PROCEEDINGSWe studied the relation between thalamic stimulation parameters andthe morphology and topographic distribution of the cortical resp

AES PROCEEDINGS 153Methods: We undertook a retrospective analysis of 34 patients withintractable IS treated with the KD from June 1995 to January 2003

154 AES PROCEEDINGSthan one seizure focus is present, Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) offersanother treatment option.Methods: Fourteen patients were ide

AES PROCEEDINGS 155over 12 mo., while in seven patients, it was less than 12 mo. Nine pa-tients were classified as Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), incl

156 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: Vagus nerve stimulator was implanted as an alternativenonpharmacological intervention in three patients with pharmacores

AES PROCEEDINGS 157Conclusions: VNS is an effective, safe adjunctivetherapyinmedicallyor surgically refractory pediatric epilepsy and also effective i

158 AES PROCEEDINGSoutcome had staring spells, 10 of whom had subtle oral-facial and handautomatisms. Nine patients had poor outcome and all had stari

AES PROCEEDINGS 159Conclusions: Patients with ictal pattern of ≥5Hz, regular, rhythmiclateralized discharges on scalp EEG patterns had excellent seizu

16 AES PROCEEDINGSrandomized for 14 days of treatment to either intraperitoneal (i.p.) in-jection of muddled 10 mg/kg CLB or with an equal volume of 0

160 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: To clarify the specific role of the insular cortex and tostudy ictal electroclinical patterns within temporolimbic netwo

AES PROCEEDINGS 161Conclusions: In our setting, the main reason for the underuse ofepilepsy surgery was the high degree of rejection (more than 50%)sh

162 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: Patients with focal seizures often have MRI abnormalitiesin the brain region of their presumed seizure focus. Neoplasms,

AES PROCEEDINGS 163located in the basal in 10/20 (50%), and in the neocortex in 10/20 (50%)of the patients, over the superior (5/20), middle (2/20) an

164 AES PROCEEDINGS1.440TEMPORAL LOBECTOMY AFTER AGE 501Fernando L. Vale,1Evan M. Packer,1Dien Lee,2William O. Tatum IV,and1,2Selim R. Benbadis (1Neur

AES PROCEEDINGS 165Rationale: Extensive hemispheric injury can occur as the result ofvascular disease from a variety of causes. Most patients are clas

166 AES PROCEEDINGSapproach provided an adequate corridor to manipulate the angulation ofthe endoscope for complete visualization of the corpus callos

AES PROCEEDINGS 167class IV outcomes. In Group II, six had Engel class I or II outcome, twohad Engel class III, and one had Engel class IV outcome. Al

168 AES PROCEEDINGS1.453CLINICAL OUTCOME AND COMPARISON OF SURGICALPROCEDURES IN HEMISPHEROTOMY FOR CHILDRENWITH MALFORMATION OF CORTICAL DEVELOPMENT1

AES PROCEEDINGS 169Department of Neurology, Clinic Hospital, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,and4Epilepsy Surgery Program, Neurology Service, Hospital Sao

AES PROCEEDINGS 17P67. Tail vein blood was obtained at the time of seizure testing and lev-els of β-hydroxybutyrate (Stat-Site, Stanbio, Boerne, TX) a

170 AES PROCEEDINGSduration of follow-up; their patients underwent surgery before 1983. Wewished to study the long term follow-up in patients treated

AES PROCEEDINGS 171before being referred to a tertiary epilepsy center. We have aggressivelypursued epilepsy surgery in our pediatric population, with

172 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: Psychiatric and behavioral co-morbidity are often reportedin TLE. The authors conducted a prospective study to examine f

AES PROCEEDINGS 173Rationale: Despite ample research to differentiate patients with PNESfrom those with epilepsy, little information is known about pr

174 AES PROCEEDINGSConclusions: These data indicate the patients who demonstrate func-tional mesial temporal lobe abnormality as measured by MRS perfo

AES PROCEEDINGS 175Neuropsychological Performance of Study GroupsNeuropsychological Measure Matched Controls MCI Patients Epilepsy Seniors P Value Pos

176 AES PROCEEDINGSindividually or summed into a single measure to reflect overall epilepsyconcerns. We conducted Principal Components Analysis (PCA)

AES PROCEEDINGS 177patients who are similarly hypersensitive to the adverse cognitive effectsof antiepileptic drugs is important. (Supported by Glaxo

178 AES PROCEEDINGSobserver blinded to the electroclinical data which would allow for thelateralization of the epileptogenic zone. We looked for evide

AES PROCEEDINGS 179at least three days, and did not have a progressive neurological disorder.At baseline, the TPM and ZNS groups were similar in terms

18 AES PROCEEDINGSneurogenesis following status epilepticus. (Supported by NJ Neuro-science Institute.)1.015GABAARECEPTOR α5 SUBUNIT DEFICIENT MICE SH

180 AES PROCEEDINGS1.487CEREBRAL LANGUAGE LATERALIZATION IN EPILEPTICPATIENTS AS A FUNCTION OF HANDEDNESS AND IMAGINGFINDINGS1,2Gabriel L. Moddel,1Tob

AES PROCEEDINGS 181Institute;2Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill Uni-versity;3Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Montreal Neurological Hospita

182 AES PROCEEDINGSThe broad range of impairment in the right hemiparetic group may berelated to the shift of language to the right hemisphere, althou

AES PROCEEDINGS 183December 6, 2004Platform Session A: Psychosocial, Neuropsychology,and Nontraditional Therapies3:30 p.m.–5:30 p.m.A.01GRADUAL VERSUS

184 AES PROCEEDINGSConclusions: Results indicate that among patients who can toleratethe diet, the ketogenic diet is an effective therapy. The diet is

AES PROCEEDINGS 185cohort, 38.4% of patients had at least mild depressive symptoms anda frequency of suicidal ideas increased with severity of depress

186 AES PROCEEDINGSThe aim of this project was to make the best use of existing data re-garding comparative effects of AEDs in order to better inform

AES PROCEEDINGS 187B.04BONE MINERAL DENSITY CHANGES AFTER ONE YEAROF ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUG TREATMENT IN WOMEN WITHEPILEPSY1Alison M. Pack,1Martha J. Morr

188 AES PROCEEDINGSB.07PROGRESSION OF NEURO-RETINAL TOXICITY IN PA-TIENTS ON VIGABATRIN; OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT USINGTHE WIDE FIELD MULTIFOCAL ELECTRORE

AES PROCEEDINGS 189C.02INCIDENCE AND PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF ACUTE POST-OPERATIVE SEIZURES IN CHILDREN AFTER EXTRATEM-PORAL EPILEPSY SURGERY1Jayanthi Mani

AES PROCEEDINGS 191.018ANTIEPILEPTIC EFFECT OF CHEMICAL SUPPRESSION OFTHE SUBTHALAMUSKiyotaka Hashizume, and Tatsuya Tanaka (Neurosurgery, AsahikawaMe

190 AES PROCEEDINGSnonsignificantincreased risk of relapse; howeverthose who do and do nottaper vary on prognostic factors such as timing of remission

AES PROCEEDINGS 191study. Seizure outcome was assessed by office visits and telephonecalls. Mortality and cause of death were determined by direct con

192 AES PROCEEDINGSDecember 7, 2004Poster Session 28:00 a.m.–5:00 p.m.Translational Research: Basic Mechanisms 22.001GENETIC BACKGROUND INFLUENCES NEU

AES PROCEEDINGS 193blockade of its receptor results in lesser excitability-inducedchanges. Weare studying signaling in epileptogenesis. (Supported by

194 AES PROCEEDINGS2.007CHANGES IN DENTATE CIRCUIT PROPERTIES DURING THEDEVELOPMENT OF TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSYGreg C. Carlson and Doug A. Coulter (Depa

AES PROCEEDINGS 195interval. The animals were perfused with phosphate–buffered saline(PBS) followed by 4% paraformaldehyde in PBS under an overdoseof

196 AES PROCEEDINGSREFERENCE1. D’Ambrosio, Faibanks, Fender, Doyle, Born, Miller. Posttraumaticepilepsy followingfluid percussion injury in the rat. B

AES PROCEEDINGS 197ANOVA and post-hoc t-tests based upon a Poisson distribution of thedata.Results: MAP-treated thymocytes showed morphological apopto

198 AES PROCEEDINGSResults: In control recordings, sequentially decreasing applicationsof D-APV significantly increased the interburst interval by 101

AES PROCEEDINGS 199Results: Analysis of the EEG data detected seizures much earlier thanpreviously determined by a 6 h per week monitoring protocol. E

2 AES PROCEEDINGSmigration and may have clinical significance in relation to neuronal mi-gration disorders. Neuronal migration is controlled by a grow

20 AES PROCEEDINGST2MRI and FDG-PET images similar to those seen in NLTLE. Thismodel will provide a powerful tool to investigate the pathophysiologica

200 AES PROCEEDINGSResults: The addition of synaptic strength regulation in these net-work models affects the characteristics of simulated epileptifor

AES PROCEEDINGS 201clonic seizures accompanying these afterdischarges and transition to an-other type of seizures (limbic type) were evaluated.Results

202 AES PROCEEDINGScentrifugation and resuspension of the pellet, the protein concentrationwas determined using a bicinchoninic acid assay. Saturation

AES PROCEEDINGS 203Methods: The study was performed on rat neocortical brain slicestreated with the GABA-A receptor blocker bicucculine (BCC, 10 µM).I

204 AES PROCEEDINGSprotein in neurons, or how it causes an epileptic disorder affecting thetemporal lobe. Furthermore, LGI1/Epitempin is only one memb

AES PROCEEDINGS 205fiber sprouting which resembles those observed in patients with mesialtemporal lobe epilepsy related to hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE

206 AES PROCEEDINGSpharmacoresistance. However, it is not known whether overexpressionis due to an initial insult, or evolves more gradually because o

AES PROCEEDINGS 207as the cerebral hemisphere contralateral to the carotid artery ligation.Immediately after the animals were removed from hypoxia, me

208 AES PROCEEDINGSnon-SUDEP group experienced AGS but maintained respiration. TheSUDEP mice were given the 5HT uptake inhibitor, fluoxetine (fluox,ip

AES PROCEEDINGS 209Rationale: Several studies have demonstrated a reduction of epilepti-form activities in models of epilepsy after gradual cooling. M

AES PROCEEDINGS 21TABLE 1. Kinetic properties of GABAAreceptorsImax 10–90% Rise Time τ Deact(5 ms) τDeact (4000 ms) % fast D % slow D % Cα1β3γ 2L 3260

210 AES PROCEEDINGSneonatal animals. In the present study, we evaluated the impact of re-peated ECS-induced seizures on the programmed cell death (PCD

AES PROCEEDINGS 211J Neurosci Methods 2001;106:179–87). After a 2-week postoperative pe-riod, each monkey was seated in a primate chair without head-r

212 AES PROCEEDINGSLothman et al.(1990). The present study tests the hypothesis that similardynamical changes exist in the CLE model.Methods: Thirty,

AES PROCEEDINGS 213but the origin of NO (endothelial or neuronal) remains to be elucidated.We investigated LCBF in limbic areas in response to partial

214 AES PROCEEDINGSirradiation in rats. Previous studies have shown that the frequency ofspontaneous and miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in

AES PROCEEDINGS 2152.069THE SEIZURE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF mGluR8 RECEPTORKNOCKOUT MICE IN ELECTRICAL KINDLING AND CHEM-ICALLY INDUCED SEIZURE MODELSHarlan

216 AES PROCEEDINGSMethods: Long-term behavioral consequences of lithium/pilocarpineSE were studied 3 months after SE had been induced in male Wistar

AES PROCEEDINGS 217Rationale: Status epilepticus (SE) has been associated with braindamage and plasticity in acute and chronic phases of temporal lobe

218 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: The conversion of glycogen to glucose in astrocytes isthought to supply essential metabolic substrates to neurons during

AES PROCEEDINGS 219These results suggest that suppression of electrical activity following SEprovides little neuroprotection for animals. In addition,

22 AES PROCEEDINGSquestion whether Bis2 would also be involved in SWD control and/orgenesis was addressed in the present study.Methods: Two groups of

220 AES PROCEEDINGSfound linkage to two chromosomal regions in the AA population, 16p13-p12 and 17q21, not detected using the baseline model without c

AES PROCEEDINGS 221angiomatosis and he was diagnosed with SWS. He also reported a familyhistory of vascular cutaneous lesions. These were present in h

222 AES PROCEEDINGSpersonal and/or parental interviews. Concordance-rate analyses wereused to assess the contribution of genetic factors to FSE risk.

AES PROCEEDINGS 223Conclusions: This report represents the second suggested IGE locusbased on analysis of families collected specifically for common f

224 AES PROCEEDINGS2.094COMPLEX SEGREGATION ANALYSIS IN FAMILIAL MESIALTEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY (FMTLE)1Rodrigo Secolin,3Ricardo G.M. Ferreira,1Cl´audia

AES PROCEEDINGS 225families had a mutation in LGI1. Excluding the original linkage familyused to define this syndrome, we have analyzed 42 families fo

226 AES PROCEEDINGSindividuals. Whether HS is the cause or consequence of intractable IGEremain to be determined. The identification of genes predispo

AES PROCEEDINGS 2272.104FAILURE TO CONFIRM ASSOCIATION BETWEEN GABA(B)RECEPTOR 1 POLYMORPHISM (G1465A) AND TEMPORALLOBE EPILEPSY1Nigel C.K. Tan,2Sarah

228 AES PROCEEDINGSalso significantly higher in patients with DEL. In relation to EEG, thepresence of an abnormal background and the higher frequency

AES PROCEEDINGS 229extracellular levels of these neurotransmitters change over the menstrualcycle, and whether gender effects may exist.Methods: Micro

AES PROCEEDINGS 23cell progenitors in the adult rat brain. In the present study, we investi-gated whether the proliferation of granule cell progenitor

230 AES PROCEEDINGSfamily and personal history of the parents were assessed together with theobstetric data on the pregnancyand delivery. Findings on

AES PROCEEDINGS 231SD =+/−0.8). Seven subjects had no seizures during baseline. No dif-ferences between treatment arms were present at baseline for ag

232 AES PROCEEDINGSof the polycystic ovary syndrome during the switch. This patient achievedpregnancy after one treatment with clomiphene.Conclusions:

AES PROCEEDINGS 2335% statistical level assuming a baseline risk of 3%. The observed riskamong 76 lamotrigine and valproate polytherapy first trimeste

234 AES PROCEEDINGSLamotrigine and valproic acid (n = 41) and lamotrigine and carba-mazepine (n = 35) were the most common combinations. 98 caseswith

AES PROCEEDINGS 235Rationale: The prevalence of epilepsy in the general populationof children and adolescents in New York State is 2.7% (CDC, Na-tiona

236 AES PROCEEDINGSit has the advantages of representing the entire state and ease of use.While the present data does not include outpatient visits, t

AES PROCEEDINGS 237Rationale: The diagnosis of epilepsy in a child affects not onlythe child’s quality of life (QOL) but also impacts on other familym

238 AES PROCEEDINGS2.139RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN FAMILY VARIABLES ANDHEALTH CONDITION IN A NEW-ONSET SAMPLE1Angela M. McNelis,1Joan K. Austin,2Susan M. P

AES PROCEEDINGS 239compliant patients: PHT,63%; CBZ, 63%; VPA, 53%; TPM, 68%.Basedon logistic regression model, TPM was associated with 30% greater li

24 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: Although progestins have long been known to mediateseizure processes, the brain areas and mechanisms for progestins’ anti

240 AES PROCEEDINGSexception of the Depression scale. On this measure, IS and PNES pa-tients scored in the clinical range at the group level while EO

AES PROCEEDINGS 241Conclusions: Compared to the non-epileptic population, healthcarecosts are approximately 5 times higher for persons with epilepsy n

242 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: Slow activity in the frequency range of 0.5–4 Hz has beendescribed in the MEG of patients with brain tumors and ischemic

AES PROCEEDINGS 2432Biosciences and3Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Helsinki,Helsinki, Finland)Rationale: Ictal discharges contain frequency c

244 AES PROCEEDINGSpromising. However, more research has to be carried out to evaluatewhether these statistical results allow to yield an acceptable p

AES PROCEEDINGS 245to be trained to modulate these processes. A number of biofeedbackapproaches have been suggested for the management of epilepsy. In

246 AES PROCEEDINGSfrom surface EEG recordings, implantation of intracranial electrodes canbe indicated to achieve a better spatial resolution. Exact

AES PROCEEDINGS 247Rationale: Unlike tachycardia, ictal bradycardia is rare, and its local-izing value is debated. Bradyarrythmias are clinically impo

248 AES PROCEEDINGSand2EEG Laboratory, Hospital das Clinicas Sao Paulo University, SaoPaulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil)Rationale: Nonconvulsive status epilept

AES PROCEEDINGS 249FIG. 1 and 2.2.172ANALYSIS OF INTRACRANIAL ELECTROCORTICOGRA-PHY IN CHILDREN WITH EPILEPTIC SPASMSEishi Asano, Csaba Juhasz, Aashit

AES PROCEEDINGS 25Rationale: Photothrombotic brain infarction resusts in altered expres-sion of cortical GABAAreceptors in rats. To better understand

250 AES PROCEEDINGSand EEG features of these children can help future genetic studies tounderstand the epileptogenesis of this condition.Methods: Retr

AES PROCEEDINGS 251analysis was performed on EEG records of all children on whom OCwas performed from 2000–2003. Data from 116 (mean age 9.4 years ±5.

252 AES PROCEEDINGSdegree to which intracranial nonlinear dynamic changes are accuratelyreflected on the surface of the scalp and to determine the sur

AES PROCEEDINGS 253monitoring was performed. Typical events of hemiplegia were registered,during which no epileptiform activity was seen.Brain MRI was

254 AES PROCEEDINGSUI accounted for 11% and 6%, respectively, before callosotomy. ITLwas calculated in 88% by MEG and in 32% by EEG. BS appeared first

AES PROCEEDINGS 255features and outcome of a subset of patients for whom an EEG was re-quested in the ER to assess the possibility of status epileptic

256 AES PROCEEDINGS2.193ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS IN THE TREAT-MENT OF PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMER DISEASE AND AS-SOCIATED SEIZURE DISORDERS WHO MAI

AES PROCEEDINGS 257partial seizures. Four patients had negative histories and no obvious riskfactors.Conclusions: Familiarity with the medical field m

258 AES PROCEEDINGSTABLE 1. Smoking status in risk of seizure/epilepsy (1995–2001)Current Smoking Status Never Past CurrentNumber of Cases 46 13 14Per

AES PROCEEDINGS 259Methods: This is a multicenter open label study. Lamotrigine wasadded onto a stable AED regimen in the adjunctive and maintenanceph

26 AES PROCEEDINGS1.037ENHANCED VULNERABILITY TO SEIZURES AND SEIZURE-INDUCED HIPPOCAMPAL CELL DEATH IN GALANIN RE-CEPTOR SUBTYPE 1 KNOCKOUT MICE1Andr

260 AES PROCEEDINGS2.205CLINICAL EXPERIENCE WITH LEVETIRACETAM INADULTS WITH INTRACTABLE EPILEPSYDebby Galloway, James D. Bruno, Spozhmy Panezai, and

AES PROCEEDINGS 261anticonvulsant but to discontinue habitual use of chromium picolinate.In the subsequent clinical follow up, the patient reported no

262 AES PROCEEDINGSthe difference was not significant. Patients with MSE had a mean ageof 38.7 ± 13 years and were significantly younger compared to p

AES PROCEEDINGS 263to the contralateral temporal area where the seizure evolved. The lefttemporal discharges abated quickly. The other two patients ha

264 AES PROCEEDINGSabout specific quality of life concerns. This study investigated patient-determined quality of life concerns in older adults with c

AES PROCEEDINGS 265Methods: We evaluated 53 patients-ITT (25 female 28 male), meanage of 33.5 ± 9.1 years, with refractory partial epilepsy and high f

266 AES PROCEEDINGSTABLE 1. Impact of Missed Daily Dose(s) on DMD ConcentrationsTranxene-SDTMT-TabFormulationNo Missed Missed Replaced No Missed Rep

AES PROCEEDINGS 267Rationale: Retrospective series reported that only 35% of adults di-agnosed with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (NES) became fre

268 AES PROCEEDINGS2.230MEASURING DEPRESSION IN SEIZURE DISORDERS1Jerzy P. Szaflarski,2Nathan M. Griffith,2Glenn P. Kent,2Bruce K.Schefft,3Magdalena S

AES PROCEEDINGS 269TLE (3.5 ± 14.2). The duration of the contralateral head movement wassignificantly longer in TLE (7s ± 3.1) than in FLE (4s ± 2.3)

AES PROCEEDINGS 27Injection of FC also reduced the dose of pilocarpine needed to produceseizures. Given simultaneously with FC, isocitrate, which bypa

270 AES PROCEEDINGS256 Hz). In each recording, the lower 25% STLmax values were sampledfor the statistical comparison between two groups of newborns.R

AES PROCEEDINGS 2712.240SEIZURE ORIGIN AND PROPAGATION IN HYPOTHA-LAMIC HAMARTOMA: EVIDENCE FROM SUBTRACTIONICTAL SPECT1,2,5Jeremy L. Freeman,4David C

272 AES PROCEEDINGSeffect on myoclonus. Moderate efficacy for generalized seizures wasnoted in four (Lafora-3, sialidosis-1) of 8 patients treated wit

AES PROCEEDINGS 273pathological findings was performed to correlate with clinical featuresand surgical outcome.Results: Thirty-nine children met inclu

274 AES PROCEEDINGSTABLE 1. ResultsPrednisolone Tetracosactide depot Hormonal treatments combined VigabatrinNumber randomised 30 25 55 52Died 2 0 2 3V

AES PROCEEDINGS 275Rationale: Levetiracetam was approved in 1999 as adjunctive therapyin adults with partial seizures with or without secondary genera

276 AES PROCEEDINGSConclusions: The novel pattern highlighted in these two childrenwith epilepsy is unilateral FCD with contralateral PNH. We hypothe-

AES PROCEEDINGS 277cognitive effects of antiepileptic drugs (p < .03), felt adequately trainedto assess and treat behavioral problems (p < .03),

278 AES PROCEEDINGScontrolled for >6 months. Of 13 tested children 11 were mentally re-tarded and 2 had borderline intellect.Significant difference

AES PROCEEDINGS 279while falling asleep, characteristically related to fatigue and occurring inseries or clusters. He was admitted for video-EEG monit

28 AES PROCEEDINGSto either 2 or 1 mM consistently decreased the frequency of interictaldischarges and 1 mM glucose suppressed also the amplitude. Dur

280 AES PROCEEDINGSCNS Acute. Similarly, ETMIN using the lowest mortality was also con-sidered. Three logistic regression models were fitted for the m

AES PROCEEDINGS 281predicting mortality: elevated BUN(p < 0.05), age (p < 0.0001), etiology(p < 0.0001), whether the specimen was obtained du

282 AES PROCEEDINGSpatients that died had PLEDs as the initial EEG pattern, but other vari-ables including etiology and age may also play an important

AES PROCEEDINGS 283TABLE 1. Patient distribution and characteristics by tumor type and gradeGliomas n sex (M) age years of epilepsy # AED’s tried1# AE

284 AES PROCEEDINGScorrelate with the severity of seizures. (Supported by Unrestricted grantfrom Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation.)2.277EPILEPSY IN

AES PROCEEDINGS 2852.280EPILEPTIC FEATURES OF PATIENTS WITH MALFORMA-TIONS OF CORTICAL ORGANIZATION1Karine S. Teixeira,1Camila Lopes,1Maria A. Montene

286 AES PROCEEDINGSof MRI scans with manual tracing of the cerebellum was performed fora consecutive series of 49 TLE and 57 control subjects.Results:

AES PROCEEDINGS 287Cortical RelativeThickness Intensity Gradient(mm) (arbitrary units) (arbitrary units)Controls Mean (±SD) 3.2 (±0.4) 79.4 (±1.3) 112

288 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: The measurement of EEG and fMRI is increasingly beingused in the study of epilepsy, but the haemodynamic response to epi

AES PROCEEDINGS 289Rationale: Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are known to have inhibitoryeffects on brain. To investigate the effects of lamotrigine and t

AES PROCEEDINGS 29Methods: Two-to-three month old green-fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing trangenic mice (M-line, Washington University) were anes-

290 AES PROCEEDINGSResults: In the development cohort, MRI provided useful informationadditional to CT in 16.2% (17/105) of patients, identifying six

AES PROCEEDINGS 2912.298GRAY-MATTER DEFICITS CORRELATE WITH SEIZURE DU-RATION IN MESIAL TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY WITHHIPPOCAMPAL SCLEROSIS1Jack J. Lin,2

292 AES PROCEEDINGSloss/dysfunction in these groups. In patients with TLE-MTS the pat-tern is consistent with the hippocampus being the seizure origin

AES PROCEEDINGS 293interviews as they complicate the interpretation of the data and can pro-vide false support for traditional consolidation theory. (

294 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: Surgical outcome for patients with refractory partialepilepsy secondary to head trauma has been previously reported to b

AES PROCEEDINGS 295that memory-fMRI might replace the invasive Wada test in right sidedMTLE using a simple fMRI paradigm.Human Imaging–Pediatric2.311T

296 AES PROCEEDINGSthe onset of epilepsy (n = 81) with the exception of idiopathic epilepsies[childhood and juvenile absence epilepsy (n = 5), Rolandi

AES PROCEEDINGS 297not otherwise considered for surgery, may indeed be suitable candidates.(Supported by NIH grant NS 38324.)Human Imaging–All Ages2.3

298 AES PROCEEDINGSsyndrome. Seizure control was achieved with MST overthe left temporo-parietal junction.Results: The linguistic deficitspresent pre-

AES PROCEEDINGS 2992.322METHOD FOR AUTOMATIC GENERATION OF CLINICALREPORT FOR SEIZURE FOCUS LOCALIZATION AFTERIMAGING WITH MEG, EEG, AND MRI1,2Daniel

AES PROCEEDINGS 3This workshop will provide a critical overview of the role of11C-Flumazenil (FMZ) in PET studies of human epilepsy with an empha-sis

30 AES PROCEEDINGSspikes after Phenytoin, topiramate and carbamazepine perfusion had nosignificance.Conclusions: This study presents the characterizat

300 AES PROCEEDINGSFIG. 1. Hyperintense DWI pattern after status epilepticus (righttemporoparietal and pulvinar hyperintensities)afferents from the su

AES PROCEEDINGS 301noise >0.08Hz) was correlated against all brain voxel timecourses. Con-nectivity maps were then contrasted statistically against

302 AES PROCEEDINGSfrequent in epilepsy patients. Atypical language may be induced by anearly disturbance of the left hemisphere. Dysembryoblastic neu

AES PROCEEDINGS 3031Kelly A. McNally,1Kathryn Davis,1Sarah B. Doernberg,2I. GeorgeZubal,1Susan S. Spencer, and1,3Hal Blumenfeld (1Neurology;2Diagnosti

304 AES PROCEEDINGSeffect of various factors on SISCOM result in extratemporal epilespysurgery candidates.Methods: Pateints in this study had extratem

AES PROCEEDINGS 305Conclusions: As expected, the maximum frequency offset for theconventional copper electrode was greater than the offsets for the tw

306 AES PROCEEDINGSConclusions: Levetiracetam, on the basis of this open series, ap-pears to be effective and safe when used as monotherapy for epilep

AES PROCEEDINGS 307Conclusions: PHT and VPA were associated with cosmetic side ef-fects. PHT was associated with gingivalhyperplasia and rarely hirsut

308 AES PROCEEDINGSA similar response was observed when patients’ data were analyzedby OXC dose level, with a trend showing improved seizure reduction

AES PROCEEDINGS 309consumption estimate obtained through the willingness to pay (WTP)method to the actual LEV wholesaler price in Quebec. The WTP ap-p

AES PROCEEDINGS 31varied between 0.5 and 3 seconds (1.5 ± 0.6). In five patients an ISWwas present in all recorded seizures (23/23 seizures), in two p

310 AES PROCEEDINGSseizure, and it is known that its clearance is increased in traumatic braininjury patients. Valproate is another important anti-epi

AES PROCEEDINGS 3112.354TREATING SEIZURES DUE TO BRAIN NEOPLASMS: RATIO-NAL NEW CHOICES1,2Patricia E. Penovich,1,2Deanna L. Dickens,1,2John R. Gates,2

312 AES PROCEEDINGSConclusions: RGB appears to be safe, efficacious and well tolerated.RGB has demonstrated a meaningful reduction in total partial se

AES PROCEEDINGS 3132.360PREVALENCE OF ECG PATHOLOGY IN NEWLY DIAG-NOSED ELDERLY EPILEPSY PATIENTS: PRELIMINARYOBSERVATIONSErik R. Saetre, Jan P. Amlie

314 AES PROCEEDINGSdiagnosis of seizure disorder but could not be further classified. Threepatients (4%) had acute symptomatic seizures or were being

AES PROCEEDINGS 3153 placebo) received 200, 400 and 800 mg/day in 2 daily doses during2 weeks. CNS effects were explored with psychomotor tests and ra

316 AES PROCEEDINGS81 years. Mean body weight was 67.0 kg (range 45–88 kg) and meanBMI 24.4 (range 18–37) at beginning of therapy. After a mean obser-

AES PROCEEDINGS 317in an ongoing, open-label, multicenter, international, continuation study(LAM20007). We report the preliminary safety results from

318 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of levetiracetam (LEV)in refractory crypto/symptomatic, partial or generalised epile

AES PROCEEDINGS 319reported to be effective in the treatment of photosensitive epilepsy. Thesefindings prompted a trial of levetiracetam in patients w

32 AES PROCEEDINGSResults: A significant increase in AQP4 was observed in the scle-rotic but not in the non sclerotic hippocampus. This increase was p

320 AES PROCEEDINGSand there is little information regarding their effect on GGT. The currentstudy reexamines the frequency of elevated GGT to determi

AES PROCEEDINGS 321reduction in seizure frequency of at least 50% was seen in 22 patients, butthe efficacy diminished in 10 patients 2 to 6 months aft

322 AES PROCEEDINGSResults: Fifteen patients with the diagnosis of JME and treated withZNS were identified. Their age varied from 11 to 20 years; 12 w

AES PROCEEDINGS 323Conclusions: There was no significant difference between low doseTPM and CBZ in seizure control, outcome of psychological tests and

324 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: Infantile spasms is a catastrophic epilepsy of the youngchild associated with a hypsarrthymic EEG and poor long-term out

AES PROCEEDINGS 325Conclusions: The developmentand implementation of a seizure emer-gency treatment plan incorporating diazepam rectal gel empowers st

326 AES PROCEEDINGSis important that parents be able to manage their child’s seizure emer-gencies. The underlying anxiety and stress about seizure eme

AES PROCEEDINGS 327either use or prior use of alternative therapies which included herbal,massage, chiropractic and vitamin therapy. The majority were

328 AES PROCEEDINGS2.406ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUG WITHDRAWAL AFTER VNSIMPLANTATIONJennifer M. Burgos, George L. Morris, Christopher M. Inglese, PamelaL. Smit

AES PROCEEDINGS 329cortical excitability, even in lesions with a high epileptogenicity suchas MCD.2.409VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION: PREDICTORSFOR SEIZURE

AES PROCEEDINGS 33temporal cortex). There was significant BrdU uptake in 5 out of 8 pa-tients with MCD and in all 3 patients with PI, that was mainly

330 AES PROCEEDINGSConclusions: It has been previously shown that radiation doses up toand including 30 Gy produce NO detectable behavioral, histologi

AES PROCEEDINGS 3312.415THE ANTICONVULSANT EFFECT OF COOLING ISPRESYNAPTIC1Xiao-Feng Yang,1Yannan Ouyang,1Bryan R. Kennedy, and1,2StevenM. Rothman (1N

332 AES PROCEEDINGSConclusions: AN DBS during PTZ infusion raises 5-HIAA levels,andthus suggests that stimulation is effective by means of AN serotone

AES PROCEEDINGS 333technique) and the other 81 had a SAH, in which mesial structures wereremoved according to the technique originally described by Ni

334 AES PROCEEDINGSoverall excellent across the variety of pathologies treated. Little has beendescribed regarding the applicability and efficacy of i

AES PROCEEDINGS 3352.426TECHNIQUE PADRONIZATION OF HUMAN HIPPOCAM-PAL SURGICAL RESECTION: THE IMPACT OF IN VITROSURVIVALLuiz D.M.N. Cetl, Patricia A.

336 AES PROCEEDINGSof 55 months, 69% had more than worthwhile improvement including43.5% seizure free rate.Conclusions: Frontal lobe epilepsy still im

AES PROCEEDINGS 337total number of surgically treated posttraumatic cases, 44% are free ofseizures.Conclusions: A selective lobar vulnerability toward

338 AES PROCEEDINGS2.435THE ROLE OF SISCOM IN EPILEPSY SURGERY WORKUP:A CRITICAL APPRAISAL1Jan-Anders Ahnlide,1Kristina K¨all´en,1Anders Lundgren,2Joh

AES PROCEEDINGS 339Conclusions: Parietal resection are safe and can be performed iso-lately or as part of multilobar resections. Postcentral gyrus res

34 AES PROCEEDINGSResults: In the epilepsy group, every CA sector showed a mod-erate to marked increase in glial density (165% in CA2 to 349% inCA1, c

340 AES PROCEEDINGSfor epilepsy was HT. Each monitoring was reviewed in a blinded fash-ion for: seizure (Sz) type, Sz onset location, Sz onset frequen

AES PROCEEDINGS 341(7), parietal (5) or temporo-parietal (14) lobes, based on imaging andEEG. 22 resections were left sided, 16 were right sided. Outc

342 AES PROCEEDINGSonset patterns compared to 2(13%) of the non-excellent outcome patients[p < 0.005].Conclusions: Focal high frequency(beta or gam

AES PROCEEDINGS 343no significant differences among the groups. All showed the expectedpattern of increased cortisol levels upon awakening that progre

344 AES PROCEEDINGSLumbardy, Italy; and2Clinical Neuroscience, IBMC-Porto University,Porto, Portugal)Rationale: In partial epilepsy patients, poor att

AES PROCEEDINGS 345In patients with MTLE, the use of two simple paradigms allows anindividual dissociation of amygdalar and parahippocampal activation

346 AES PROCEEDINGSdistribution of errors in the two groups. The left TLE group made 2or 3 errors, whereas the right TLE made 0 or 1.TABLE 1. Errors i

AES PROCEEDINGS 347Methods: We described 36 patients who had temporal lobe surgerybetween 1991–2003. The patients had either a left or right ATL or a

348 AES PROCEEDINGSBL patients, postoperative language decline was less for patients withhigher right hemisphere language scores on IAP.Conclusions: T

AES PROCEEDINGS 349+7.5 points, and role function factor by +12.9 points (all p < 0.001). Atbaseline and at follow-up, seizure worry, overall QOL a

AES PROCEEDINGS 35uptake by astrocytes in areas of sclerosis in MTLE. These findingssuggest that downregulation of GS in MTLE is a secondary phe-nomen

350 AES PROCEEDINGSanxiety scores were significantly higher than state anxiety scores, butlower than I community samples. The BDI scores were signific

AES PROCEEDINGS 351of topiramate was inversely correlated with DOI (p < 0.001). The ad-verse effects of topiramate were noticed in 6.2%, which were

352 AES PROCEEDINGSResults: 2 × 2 (Cutoff Score × Classification) Chi-Square analyseswere conducted to determine whether significant differences emerg

AES PROCEEDINGS 353Rationale: Chronic epilepsy in adults is often associated withwidespread neuropsychological dysfunction. Whether this cognitivemorb

354 AES PROCEEDINGSfor language representation anterior to Broca’s area; abnormal cortexmay support language. Extensive functional mapping within and

AES PROCEEDINGS 3552.487BEHAVIORAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN PEDI-ATRIC EPILEPSY IN KOREAJoon Soo Lee, Heung Dong Kim, and Korean Pediatric Topira

356 AES PROCEEDINGScommands, complex ideational material), oral expression (repetition, re-sponsive naming, visual confrontation naming), written comp

AES PROCEEDINGS 357had disruptive disorders, 9% had major affective or anxiety disordersand 50% had combined disruptive and affective/anxiety diagnose

358 AES PROCEEDINGS1Frederick Andermann (1Neurology and Neurosurgery,Montreal Neuro-logical Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, C

AES PROCEEDINGS 359Conclusions: Our results show the therapeutic efficacy of environ-mental enrichment in reversing a decrease in exploratory behavior

36 AES PROCEEDINGS1.065ANALYSIS OF INTERLEUKIN 1-β GENE POLYMORPHISM INPATIENTS WITH TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY WITH HIP-POCAMPAL SCLEROSIS1Cigdem Ozkara,

360 AES PROCEEDINGSfrom layer 4 of barrel cortex showed a selective loss of inhibition froma subgroup of interneurons.Conclusions: (1) Reorganization

AES PROCEEDINGS 361Table 1. Multivariate cox proportional hazards regression forpredictors of remission among 814 subjects with newlydiagnosed epileps

362 AES PROCEEDINGSreviewed. The EKG during each seizure and a 2–3 minute pre-ictal base-line period was converted to heart rate over a 5 minute epoch

AES PROCEEDINGS 363(1Pediatrics, Division of Neurology; and2Radiology, Hospital for SickChildren, Toronto, ON, Canada)Rationale: Seizures are very com

364 AES PROCEEDINGSConclusions: Major depression is associated with an increased riskfor developing unprovokedseizures in children and adults. Coheren

AES PROCEEDINGS 365measures. This suggests a decreased parasympathetic tone, which maybe related to drug therapy, epilepsy as such or a concomitant ma

366 AES PROCEEDINGScryptogenic etiology and 78% of those with remote symptomatic etiologywere >5 years seizure free (p = 0.2). However, at last fol

AES PROCEEDINGS 367subject (controls and patients) with the average GM map of all controlsand obtained a GM z-score map for each individual. To detect

368 AES PROCEEDINGSdifferences may provide insight into mechanisms of a predisposition toPFC. (Supported by The Wellcome Trust)G.06MESIAL TEMPORAL SCL

AES PROCEEDINGS 37Methods: 146 iEEG 20 minute recordings were analyzed from 684intracranial cortical electrodes in 6 patients with medical refractorye

38 AES PROCEEDINGSResults: Typical MTS findings on MRI and routine histopathologi-cal examination were observed in all patients. The immunocytochemica

AES PROCEEDINGS 39recordings (hours in duration) are required, and previous studies report-ing scaling constants from short time series must be interp

4 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: The reported association between atypical febrile seizuresand temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is controversial and thus far h

40 AES PROCEEDINGSand reelin identifies the departing cells of Layer I as Cajal-Retzius cells.P75 expression shows that the subplate is disorganized a

AES PROCEEDINGS 41Methods: Five adult male Sprague Dawley rats (Charles River, MA,USA) weighing 260–300 g were used according to a protocol ap-proved

42 AES PROCEEDINGSthe effects of changes in the following parameters were determined: uni-versus bilateral, mono- versus biphasic mode, frequencies an

AES PROCEEDINGS 43exponent over time at each electrode site to statistically quantify thebrain’s dynamical entrainment (α = 0.01).Results: The brain o

44 AES PROCEEDINGSthe position of the hidden platform over four days of testing. Animalssubjected to SE followedby 25 flurothyl-induced seizures perfo

AES PROCEEDINGS 45sites that already showed elevated [Ca2+]iat 5hrs post-KA. High NMDAresponses in the presence of DNQX and TTX were particularly nota

46 AES PROCEEDINGShabenulae, the inferior colliculus, the CA3 region of the hippocampusand the Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum. Staining was als

AES PROCEEDINGS 47state classification. This methodology will be applied to real-time statediscrimination in epileptic rats submitted to adaptive elec

48 AES PROCEEDINGSExperiment 2: Thirty rats were fully kindled in the amygdala, and thenalso underwent additional stimulation-induced seizures during

AES PROCEEDINGS 49animals were given AEDs following the same durations after saline in-jections. Brains were processed for routine histological examin

AES PROCEEDINGS 5Germany;2Institute of Physiology and Centre for Molecular Biologyand Neuroscience, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; and3Departmentof

50 AES PROCEEDINGSMethods: Bipolar electrodes were inserted on the bilateral STN 7days before pilocarpine injection (30 mg/kg) with lithium pretreatme

AES PROCEEDINGS 51Mean time from Mean Numberpilocarpine duration Number diedEEG Number at start injection to of EEG stage survived to duringStage of s

52 AES PROCEEDINGSseizure frequency undergoes a substantial increase (i.e., an inflectionin the plot of seizures per day versus time after kainate tre

AES PROCEEDINGS 53understanding is necessary before effective interventions can be designedto help these children and their families. The purpose of t

54 AES PROCEEDINGSfour separate factors. All, but three items were rated favorably by mostpatients.We finally developed a Phase-3Version was developed

AES PROCEEDINGS 55Results: OVERALL AGREEMENT BY SYMPTOM CATE-GORY: Depression: 70% (range: 56–83%), Anxiety: 74% (62–83%),Irritability: 65% (55–83%),

56 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: Prior work has shown that the effects of epilepsy on QOLare dependent on many factors including seizure control, physical

AES PROCEEDINGS 57Referral delay versus surgical outcome-need for increased awarenessDelay in referral(median years ofsuffering from intractableepilep

58 AES PROCEEDINGSMethods: Eight women (n = 8) participated in the group treatmentfor two 16 week intervals. Outcomes included the SCL-90 and frequenc

AES PROCEEDINGS 59stimulations, produced by a current-regulated neurostimulator designedfor a safe diagnostic stimulation of the human brain, were del

6 AES PROCEEDINGS3.007REDUCED INHIBITION AND EPILEPSY IN DLX1−/−MICE1Maria Elisa Calcagnotto,2Inma Cobos,1John L.R. Rubenstein, and2Scott C. Baraban (

60 AES PROCEEDINGStrains lasting 2–5 sec with duration 500 usec/phase and maximum 12.5mA current, and repeated approximately every 30 sec until a posi

AES PROCEEDINGS 611.137PROPAGATION OF PARTIAL SEIZURES IS ASSOCIATEDWITH INCREASED SIGNAL COMPLEXITY NEAR SEIZUREFOCUSChristophe C. Jouny, Bola Adamol

62 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: To identify characteristics predictive of obstructive sleepapnea (OSA) on polysomnography (PSG) in medically refractoryep

AES PROCEEDINGS 63we calculated time profiles of these measures for the different channelcombinations using a moving window technique. Wavelet filteri

64 AES PROCEEDINGS1.146EFFECTS OF CLOMETHIAZOLE ON HUMAN MOTOR COR-TEX EXCITABILITY: A TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMU-LATION STUDY1Janine Reis,1Antje Hei

AES PROCEEDINGS 65averaged 402.2 ± 53.87 seconds before return to baseline. In one injec-tion, a unilateral burst suppression pattern of high amplitud

66 AES PROCEEDINGS1.152DISTRIBUTION OF SEIZURE PRECIPITANTS IN PATIENTSWITH JUVENILE MYOCLONIC EPILEPSY: EVALUATIONBASED ON QUESTIONNAIREPatr´ıcia S.

AES PROCEEDINGS 671.155STATUS EPILEPTICUS IN A PRIVATE GENERAL HOSPITALIN S˜AO PAULO, BRAZILLu´ısOt´avioSales Ferreira Caboclo, and Israel Roitman (Cl

68 AES PROCEEDINGSmany years. With the emergence of MEG, the EEG based definitions ofsuch events have been also applied in MEG recordings without obje

AES PROCEEDINGS 692) In the cases with CL, MEG dipoles were estimated on the baseor lateral surface of occipital lobe. The direction of dipoles were n

AES PROCEEDINGS 7Rationale: Kainate receptors have been implicated in the pathogen-esis of epilepsy and contribute to seizures in hippocampal area CA3

70 AES PROCEEDINGSof GSWD in PBS patients were bilaterally symmetrical radialdipoles that were located primarily within the dorsolateral frontalregion

AES PROCEEDINGS 71activity emitted from each region may be estimated on a macroscopicspatial scale using a local source estimator such as regional act

72 AES PROCEEDINGSevaluation of medically refractory localization-related epilepsy. In somecases this information is useful in predicting the zone of

AES PROCEEDINGS 73maximum. The topography of these components was very similar but notidentical. Each component of the spike or wave in these focal ep

74 AES PROCEEDINGSpatients and families expressed satisfaction with the consultation andhad the opportunity and time to inquire about specific issues.

AES PROCEEDINGS 75as measured by epilepsy duration and number of concomitant AEDs.(Supported by Pfizer, Inc.)1.180LATE-ONSET TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSIES

76 AES PROCEEDINGSlevetiracetam: 18/146 (12.3%), lamotrigine 5/24 (20.8%,) topiramate1/19 (5.3%), valproic acid 1/9 (11.1%), zonisamide 2/51 (3.92%).

AES PROCEEDINGS 77Neuroticism, a personality dimension characterized by chronic negativeemotions and behaviors) has been related to poorer QOL. This s

78 AES PROCEEDINGSof 3 patterns of catamenial seizure exacerbation (CSE): 1) perimenstrual(C1: Day −3 to 3), and 2) periovulatory (C2: Day 10 to −13)

AES PROCEEDINGS 79at-home management of breakthrough seizures to treatment in the ED,which is often time consuming and costly. In addition, these pati

8 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: There is an increase in the birth of dentate granule neurons(DGNs) after status epilepticus (SE) and concurrent alteration

80 AES PROCEEDINGS1.195HIPPOCAMPAL SCLEROSIS AND REFRACTORY EPILEPSY:A POPULATION-BASED MRI STUDY1VibekeS. Hansen,2Thorkil Christensen,2Finn T. Jensen

AES PROCEEDINGS 811.198PURE ICTAL DIZZINESS: A CASE OF ICTAL ASYSTOLIAJorge Iriarte, Cesar Viteri, Elena Urrestarazu, Manuel Alegre, and JulioArtieda

82 AES PROCEEDINGS1.201CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICSOF RECURRED SEIZURE AF-TER SURGERY FOR MEDIAL TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSYSeo-Young Lee and Sang-Kun Lee (Neu

AES PROCEEDINGS 83Munich, Munich, Germany; and2Electronics, University of Aveiro,Aveiro, Portugal)Rationale: To evaluate the movement characteristics

84 AES PROCEEDINGSaccording to the side of ictal EEG seizure patterns. Head movementswerequantifed for speed analysis on the videos by selecting the m

AES PROCEEDINGS 85diagnosis of hypermotor seizures, including bicycling, pelvic thrust-ing, and turning over. Shouting, grimacing, and facial expressi

86 AES PROCEEDINGSof this measure is the ability to interpret it in both stochastic and chaoticmodels. This study tests the hypothesis that PMRS can d

AES PROCEEDINGS 87have lead to errant staging of tonic REM sleep as Stage 1 NREM sleep.Also, slow wave sleep could have been underestimated due to uti

88 AES PROCEEDINGShad frontotemporal PIHA. HA spread occurred in 3 patients with prod-PIHA (ipsilateral 2, contralateral 1). Average intensity of PIHA

AES PROCEEDINGS 89applicable to the average clinician’s practice. However, in pediatricepilepsy care the evidencebase for “best practice” standards is

AES PROCEEDINGS 9induced by trans-corneal stimulation or PTZ, although they do not havespontaneous seizures. Kcnq2 transcript is reduced in Szt1/+ bra

90 AES PROCEEDINGS1.227AGE AT SEIZURE ONSET AMONG CHILDREN WITH PVL2Raywat Deonandan,1Sharon Whiting,1Peter Humphreys, and2NickBarrowman (1Neurology;

AES PROCEEDINGS 91Methods: The Columbia Comprehensive Epilepsy Center cEEGdatabase was reviewed to identify pediatric patients with nonconvulsiveseizu

92 AES PROCEEDINGSFebrile and other SE by Age1–3 mos 3–6 mos 6–9 mos 9–12 mos 12–15 mos 15–18 mos 18–21 mos 21–24 mosx∗OOOO OOOO OOOO OOOO OOOO OOOO O

AES PROCEEDINGS 93Rationale: Non-epileptic events are characterized by seizure-like be-haviorswithout any associated EEG changes. Psychogenic seizures

94 AES PROCEEDINGSIt is important to observe whether any age related maturational changes,or other variables related to the developing brain, have any

AES PROCEEDINGS 95Our goal was to evaluate neonatal risk factors, EEG findings and ictalsemeiological characteristics of our newborns with neonatal se

96 AES PROCEEDINGSRationale: Intrathecal baclofen has been associated with the occur-rence of epileptic seizures and status epilepticus in patients wi

AES PROCEEDINGS 97atypical absence, and generalized tonic clonic (GTC) seizures. For thosewith current seizure frequency of zero, the duration of seiz

98 AES PROCEEDINGSdiagnoses and previous history of epilepsy were investigated by reviewof medical records and/or follow-up interviews.Results: From a

AES PROCEEDINGS 99ketones registered for each of the three days was recorded. Ketone levelswere measured with urinalysis reagent strips and indicated